Lamp.



No. 690,274. Patented Dec. 3|, I90l.

' W. S. HAMM.

L A M P.

(Application filed Mar. 2, 1901. J

(No Model.)

WITNESSES IN VENTOP ATTORNEY m; ms PETERS cu. worn-uma, WASHINGTON, n, c.

throw the light over the seats rather than dithat there is provided a generous circulation UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'IVILLIAM S. HAMM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ADAMS & WESTLAKE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

LAMP.

s'rEcIEIcATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 690,274, dated. December 31, 1901.

' Application filed Mmt 2,1901] Seria1N'm49i635. on model.)

To all whmn it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. HAMM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to what is known as a deck-lamp for use in railway-carsthat is to say, a lamp which is adapted to be attached to the ceiling of the car, though, of course, it maybe applied to the ceiling of any other room.

The objects of the invention are to provide in a deck-lamp for directing the light to the parts of the apartment which it is especially desirable to illuminate and also to adapt a lamp of this type for the burning of such gases as require to be kept cool until they make their exit at the tip, such as acetylene. Such lamps for burning gases other than acetylene are in common use and usually consist of atransparent globe inclosing a single ilame-chamber,tl1e gas-pipe entering from above upon the axis of the globe and branching at its lower end to provide a cluster of radiating burners. Such lamps are serviceable for the consumption of gases which are increased in efficiency by being heated before combustion; but they are not at all suited for use in connection with acetylene gas or other gases which require to be kept cool until discharged from the tip. Such lamps, however, have usually been so constructed that the light is poorly distributed, the strongest illumination being directly below the lamp. In car service it is desirable to rectly down upon the floor, and the lamp herein shown and described is especially adapted to provide for this action.

The present invention consists in providingin a lamp of this form a plurality of flamechambers, each cut off from the others and so arranged as to provide a central'chamber through 'which the service-pipe may enter and which chamber is freely ventilated, so

of air through it for the purpose of keeping the gas-pipe cool, the several flame-chambers being so disposed as to secure the desired distribution of light.

The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lamp, a detail of the ceiling to which it is secured being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the lamp on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the piping sytsem of the lamp, and Fig. 4 is a detail bottom plan view of the lamp.

The case 10 of the lamp is preferably of metal and is in the form of a bowl the rim of which abuts against the ceiling 11 of the car or other room within which the lamp may be placed. The side walls of the casing 10 are provided with a plurality of light-emitting apertures, and the interior of this casing is subdivided by suitable partitions, so as to separate the several apertures and to provide a central chamber. Preferably these partitions are in the form of concave reflector-plates 12. Each aperture is closed by means of a diaphanous plate or disk 13, preferably convex and openable, as shown, being secured to the casing 10 by the hinge 14 at its upper edge and being retained when closed by a suitable spring-catch, as 15, located at its lower edge. The reflector-plate 12 and disk 13 together form the walls of a combustion or flame chamber.

Gas is led to the lamp by means of a pipe 16,

located above the ceiling of the apartment. This pipe is given a downward turn, as shown at 17, upon the axis of the lamp-casing. From the lower end of the pipe-section 17 there radiate the branches 18, one of which enters each flame chamber, passing through the lower portion of the reflector-plate 12 and being provided with a gas-key 19 and terminating in an upturned burner-tip, as shown.

It is obviously immaterial at what elevation I with reference to the point of entry of the several branches 18 into the flame-chambers the pipe 17 is subdivided.

The walls of the casing 10, intermediate of the disks 13, are freely perforated at the sides,

as shown at 21, and the bottom may also be perforated, as shown at 20, to allow for an uninterrupted circulation of air therethrough.

The lower portions of the reflector-plates '12 are freely perforated, as shown at 22, so that air may enter from the central chamber of the casing 10 to support combustion. Each flame-chamber is provided with a chimney flue or jack 23, which leads upwardly from the upper portion of its plate 12.

As shown, four flame-chambers are provided. Obviously the number maybe varied at pleasure. By the use of four the lamp may be set, when used in a railway-car, either with two of its disks directed lengthwise of the car and two crosswise thereof, or it may be turned so that each is faced obliquely as to the car.

The construction shown and described provides an isolated flame-chamber for each jet. It provides for the location of the gas-pipe 16 between adjacent smoke-jacks, so that it is entirely free from the heating influences of the vapors ascending from the flame-chamber, and for the location of the drop-section of the gas-pipe centrally within a commodious and Well-ventilated chamber, so that there may be a free circulation of air around it and over the rear or inward walls of the several flame-chambers, thereby carrying off the heat and maintaining the gas at a sufficiently low temperature to prevent it from gumming up the pipes.

The precise location of the gas-keys is immaterial, though I prefer to place them within the flame-chambers.

In some situations and for cheap constructions it may be found advisable to dispense with the casing 10. I believe myself to be the first to propose a central supporting gas-pipe, branches radiating therefrom, and a separate flame-chamber at the end of each branch and having an independent smoke-jack.

I claim as my invention- I. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casinghavingapluralityoflight-emitting apertures, partitions within the casing separating theapertures and providing a central chamber, a diaphanous cover for each aperture and forming with the partition surrounding the same a closed flame-chamber, a smoke-flue leading from each flame-chamber and discharging outside of the casing, a gaspipe entering each flame-chamber, and means for leading gas to such pipes from above through the central chamber.

2. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of light-emitting apertures, partitions within the casing separating the apertures and providing a central chamber, a di'aphanous cover for each aperture and forming with the partition sur-,

rounding the same a closed flame-chamber, a smoke-flue leading from each flame-chamber and discharging outside of the casing, a gaspipe entering each flame-chamber from below, and means for leading gas to such pipes 5 from above through the central chamber.

3. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of light-emitting apertures, partitions within the casing separating the apertures and providing a central chamber, a diaphanous cover for each aperture and forming with the partition surrounding the same a closed flame-chamber, a smoke-flue leading from each flame-chamber and discharging outside of the casing, a gaspipe entering each flame-chamber from below, and means for leading gas to such pipes from above through the central chamber, the walls of the casing being perforated to admit air to the central chamber and the partitions being perforated.

4:. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a venti lated casing, a plurality of-flame-chambers within the casing, each having an independent smoke-flue, and a gas-pipe entering the casing from above and between the several flame chambers and branching into each chamber, the discharge ends of the smokeflues being separated from the gas-pi peso that the latter is not within the influence of heat discharged from the fines.

5. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of lightemitting apertures, a concave reflector-plate set within each aperture, a gas-pipe leading downwardly within the casing back of the reflector-plates, a branch leading from the lower end of the pipe through each reflectorplate and terminating in a burner-tip, and a smoke-flue leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate and discharging outside of the casing, the walls of such casing being freely perforated between the light openings.

6. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshapcd casing having a plurality of lightemitting apertures, a concave reflector-plate set within each aperture, each plate being perforated in its lower portion for the admission of air, a gas-pipe leading downwardly within the casing back of the reflector-plates, a branch leading from the lower end of the pipe through each reflector-plate and terminating in a burner-tip, and a smoke-flue leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate and discharging outside of the easing, the walls of such casing being freely perforated between the lightopenings.

7. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of lightemitting apertures, a convex disk covering each of such apertures, a concave reflectorplate set within each aperture, a gas-pipe leading downwardly within the casing, back of the reflector-plates, a branch leading from the lower end of the pipe through each reflector-plate and terminatingina burner-tip, and a smoke-flue leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate and discharging outside of the casing, the walls of such casing being freely perforated between the lightopenings.

8. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of lightemitting apertures, a convex disk covering each of such apertures and being hinged at its top to the casing, a concave reflector-plate set Within each aperture, a gas-pipe leading downwardly within the casing back of the reflector-plates, a branch leading from the lower end of the pipe through each reflectorplate and terminating in a burner-tip, and a smoke-fine leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate and discharging outside of the casing, the walls of such casing being freely perforated between the li ghtopenings.

9. In a gas-lamp, in combinatioma central depending supporting-tube, branches radiating from the lower end of this tube and each being provided with a burner-tip, a flamechamber inclosing each burner-tip and comprising a concave reflector-plate, a diaphanous plate closing the open face of the reflector-plate, and a smoke-fine leading from each flame-chamber, the discharge ends of the fines being separated from the gas-pipe so that the latter is not within the influence of heat discharged from the fines.

10. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a central depending supporting-tube, branches radiating from the lower end of this tube and each being provided with a burner-tip, a concave reflector-plate placed back of each tip and inclined forward, a diaphanons plate closing the open face of each reflector-plate and inclosing the burner-tip,- and a smokefiue leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate, the discharge ends of the fines being separated from the gas-pipe so that the latter is not within the influence of heat discharged from the fines.

11. In a gas-lamp, a central depending gaspipe, branches radiating from the pipe and each having a burner-tip, and an independent flue for leading the products of combustion from each burner, the discharge ends of the fines being separated from the gas-pipe so that the latter is not within the influence of heat discharged from the fines.

12. In a gas-lamp, a central depending gas pipe, a casing inclosing the pipe, branches radiating from the pipe and each having a burner outside of the casing, and an independent flne for leading the products of combustion from each burner, the discharge ends of the fines being separated from the gas-pipe so that the latter is not within the influence of heat discharged from the fines;

13. In a gas-lamp, a central depending gaspipe, branches radiating from the pipe, each branch having a burner-tip, an independent flame-chamber for each burner, and an independent fine for leading the products of combnstion from each flame-chamber through the ceiling of the apartment within which thelainp is located, such fine being spaced apart from the gas-pipe entering the flame-chamber.

14. In a gas-lamp, in combination, a bowlshaped casing having a plurality of lightemitting apertures, a diaphanous plate covering each of such apertures and being hinged to the casing, a gas-pipe leading downwardly within the casing back of the reflector-plates, a branch leading from the lower end of the pipe through each reflector-plate and terminating in a burner-tip, a fine leading through the upper portion of each reflector-plate and discharging outside of the casing for carrying 0d the products of combustion, the walls of such casing being freely perforated between the Iightmpenings.

15. In a deck or ceiling gas-lamp, in combination, a plurality of flame-chambers arranged in a cluster, a smokeflue leading from each chamber through the ceiling to which the lamp is applied, and means for leading gas to the several flame-chambers through the space intermediate of such chambers, the conduit entering each flame-chamber being spaced apart from the smoke-fine thereof.

WILLIAM S. HAMM.

Witnesses: LOUIS K. GILLsoN, E. M. KLATOHER. 

